Chapter Three: Section One Notes

1. Elements- An element is made up of only one atom. An element can't be broken down into a simpler form by chemical reactions. Each element has a 1 or 2 letter symbol given by scientists. p.69

2. mixture- a combination of substances in which the individual substances do not change or combine chemically but instead retain their own individual properties
Living things contain a mixture called a suspension. This is formed when a liquid or gas has another substance spread equally through it. Example: blood cells p. 71
a combination of substances in which the individual substances do not change or combine
chemically but instead retain their own individually properties; can be gases,solids,liquids,or any other
combination of the
as
3.organic compound- compounds that always contain hydrogen and carbon. There are 4 kinds of organic compounds. The 4 types of organic compounds are Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids. p.72

4.enzyme-a type of protein that regulates nearly all chemical reactions in cells p.72

5.inorganic compound-compound such as H2O,that is made from elements other than carbon and whose atoms can usually be arranged in only one structure p.73

6. Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space

7.Proton= posotive charge

8.nuetron= no charge

9.electon= negative charge


A compound is made up of 2 or more elements in exact proportions.

2 types of compounds:

1. Molecular Compounds- form when different atoms share their outermost electrons p.70
2. Ionic Compounds- form when ions of opposite charges attract one another to form electrically neutral compounds p. 71

Organic Compounds-always contains carbon and hydrogen and usually are associated
with living things.

Inorganic Compounds-made from elements other than carbon and hydrogen.

Six elements make up 99% of living matter: Sulfur, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, and Hydrogen.

Organic Compounds important to humans-Water, Calcium Phosphate, and Hydrochloric Acids.

In your lungs oxygen diffuses into your red blood cels. p. 77

Energy- is the ability to cause change. ex. sunlight, electricity, heat, and chemical energy.